Former President Donald Trump has signed an executive order aiming to dismantle the U.S. Department of Education, shifting control of education policy and funding back to the states. While legal experts argue that the agency can only be officially abolished by Congress, the move has sparked concerns about the future of federal education funding—especially in states like California, which rely on billions in federal dollars.
What Does the U.S. Department of Education Do?
Established in 1980 under President Jimmy Carter, the Department of Education was created to enhance educational access and quality nationwide. It distributes billions in funding to support K-12 schools, special education programs, low-income student initiatives, and higher education financial aid programs, such as Pell Grants and federal student loans.
How Much Federal Education Funding Goes to California?
California receives significant federal education funding—approximately $8 billion in the 2024-25 school year alone. This accounts for about 6% of total school funding, with an average of $2,750 per student, according to the Legislative Analyst’s Office. These funds are crucial in supporting students with disabilities, low-income students, and programs aimed at closing the achievement gap.
The Potential Fallout for California Schools
If the Department of Education were eliminated, it’s unclear how federal education dollars would be distributed. While some speculate the funding could be transferred to another federal agency, there’s no guarantee that current programs—such as Title I funding for disadvantaged students—would remain intact.
School districts in California are already feeling the effects of staff cuts at the federal level. Michael Vargas, Board President of Elk Grove Unified School District, noted that budget and program decisions have been disrupted due to reduced federal support. With 53% of Elk Grove students classified as socioeconomically disadvantaged, cuts to programs like Title I could significantly impact student services.
Higher Education and Special Programs at Risk
Beyond K-12 education, the Trump administration’s cuts have also affected higher education funding. The University of California system has already implemented a hiring freeze and removed diversity statements from hiring processes in response to federal funding threats. Additionally, California’s Literacy Initiative, which relies on $3.8 million in Title II funding, and the INSPIRE grants supporting bilingual and special education teachers at Cal Poly, are in jeopardy.
Can Trump Unilaterally Abolish the Department of Education?
Despite Trump’s executive order, the ultimate fate of the Department of Education rests with Congress. Legal scholars argue that since the agency was established through congressional legislation, it can only be dismantled through an act of Congress.
For now, California educators, policymakers, and parents remain on edge, bracing for potential funding changes that could reshape the state’s education system for years to come.